Physics Tips | Ding! Static electricity guide, please check it out

Industry static electricity, retreat! Get out! Get out! Winter dry mode has been activated! Have you been electrified?

To prevent damage caused by static electricity, it is necessary to first understand its characteristics.

An experiment has shown that when two conductors are charged positively and negatively, and gradually approach each other, a discharge effect will be observed, which means that more charges will accumulate.

Why does it discharge? There is a strong rightward electric field in the middle, and molecules in the air are formed by positive and negative charges. Under the action of the strong electric field, positive charges are subjected to a rightward force, and negative charges are subjected to a leftward force, tearing atoms into positively and negatively charged ions. This process is called ionization.

Positive charges move to the right to form a current to the right, while negative charges move to the left to form a current to the right. When air is broken down, a blue purple arc is formed, which is usually seen as an electric spark.

What is the function of the characteristic of easy discharge? Then we have to talk about lightning rods. A building model filled with circuits was prepared for the experiment. The lightning rod operates independently from the building's circuits and is directly grounded. When dark clouds are close to the building, it will preferentially discharge to the lightning rod, while excess charge is directed into the ground. This ensures the safety of the circuits in the building.

The operation of introducing excess charges into the ground is also common in the transportation process of oil tankers. People often tie an iron chain that can connect to the ground to prevent the oil tanker from carrying excess charge and causing sparks.

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